ESP32-S3-CAM：连接 INMP441 MIC

1、认识硬件引脚说明与引脚分配引脚功能接 ESP32-S3LR左右声道选择GND 接地 负极WS字选择LRCKGPIO 1SCK位时钟BCLKGPIO 2SD串行数据GPIO 42VDD电源1.8-3.3V3.3V 正极GND地GND 接地 负极2、面包板连接硬件刚开始忘记接GND接地了好像也能工作正确接法3、写代码测试1用AI工具写demo代码提示词我通过面包板将ESP32-S3-CAM主板上连接了一个INMP441 麦克风引脚设置如下 SD连接G42WS连接G1SCK连接G2写一段极简初始化和自动检测代码AI提示注意GPIO1 和 GPIO2 是 Strapping 引脚启动时会影响下载模式。如果下载困难建议改用其他引脚如 GPIO41/45/47。因为mic使用时我们并不会下载程序因此影响有限是可以用的。AI生成的代码程序一直在采集音量大小然后输出#include driver/i2s.h #define MIC_SCK 2 #define MIC_WS 1 #define MIC_SD 42 void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); // I2S配置 i2s_config_t cfg { .mode (i2s_mode_t)(I2S_MODE_MASTER | I2S_MODE_RX), .sample_rate 16000, .bits_per_sample I2S_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_16BIT, .channel_format I2S_CHANNEL_FMT_ONLY_LEFT, .communication_format I2S_COMM_FORMAT_STAND_I2S, .intr_alloc_flags ESP_INTR_FLAG_LEVEL1, .dma_buf_count 4, .dma_buf_len 64 }; i2s_driver_install(I2S_NUM_0, cfg, 0, NULL); i2s_pin_config_t pins { .bck_io_num MIC_SCK, .ws_io_num MIC_WS, .data_out_num I2S_PIN_NO_CHANGE, .data_in_num MIC_SD }; i2s_set_pin(I2S_NUM_0, pins); Serial.println(麦克风初始化完成); } void loop() { int16_t buf[64]; size_t n; i2s_read(I2S_NUM_0, buf, sizeof(buf), n, portMAX_DELAY); int sum 0; for (int i 0; i n / 2; i) sum abs(buf[i]); Serial.print(音量: ); Serial.println(sum / (n / 2)); delay(100); }2运行效果一直不断有输出说话声音大点 数值变大说明运行正常。4、进阶功能音频回环测试1功能将 MIC录音后再通过功放和喇叭播放出来2引脚分配说明尽量都用通用口避开使用与SD卡冲突的与摄像头冲突与系统默认占用的口都避开但是这样 走线比较丑陋。// 功放引脚输出- 保持不变#define AMP_LRC 41 // ✅#define AMP_BCLK 47 // ✅#define AMP_DIN 21 // ✅// 麦克风引脚输入- 修正冲突#define MIC_WS 5 // 改为 5避开 UART0#define MIC_BCLK 2 // ✅ 保持#define MIC_DOUT 8 // 改为 8避开 SD_D3 (GPIO42)3硬件布局4代码/* * ESP32-S3 音频回环 - 降噪优化版 * 解决嗡嗡声/电源干扰 */ #include driver/i2s.h #define AMP_LRC 41 #define AMP_BCLK 47 #define AMP_DIN 21 #define MIC_WS 5 #define MIC_BCLK 2 #define MIC_DOUT 8 #define I2S_TX I2S_NUM_0 #define I2S_RX I2S_NUM_1 #define SAMPLE_RATE 48000 #define BUFFER_SIZE 512 // 降噪参数 #define NOISE_GATE_THRESHOLD 500 // 噪声门限低于此值静音 #define HIGH_PASS_ALPHA 0.95f // 高通滤波系数滤除直流/50Hz工频 #define AGC_MAX_GAIN 5 // 最大自动增益 void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); delay(500); Serial.println(\n 音频回环降噪版); if (!initMicrophone()) return; if (!initAmplifier()) return; Serial.println(✅ 就绪); Serial.println(命令: s开始, x停止, /-调整噪声门限); Serial.printf(当前噪声门限: %d\n, NOISE_GATE_THRESHOLD); } bool running false; int noiseGate NOISE_GATE_THRESHOLD; float prevSample 0; // 高通滤波历史值 void loop() { if (Serial.available()) { char c Serial.read(); if (c s) { running true; Serial.println(▶️ 开始带降噪); } else if (c x) { running false; i2s_zero_dma_buffer(I2S_TX); Serial.println(⏹️ 停止); } else if (c noiseGate 2000) { noiseGate 100; Serial.printf(噪声门限: %d\n, noiseGate); } else if (c - noiseGate 100) { noiseGate - 100; Serial.printf(噪声门限: %d\n, noiseGate); } } if (running) loopbackAudioFiltered(); } bool initMicrophone() { i2s_config_t cfg { .mode (i2s_mode_t)(I2S_MODE_MASTER | I2S_MODE_RX), .sample_rate SAMPLE_RATE, .bits_per_sample I2S_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_16BIT, .channel_format I2S_CHANNEL_FMT_ONLY_LEFT, .communication_format I2S_COMM_FORMAT_STAND_I2S, .intr_alloc_flags ESP_INTR_FLAG_LEVEL1, .dma_buf_count 4, .dma_buf_len BUFFER_SIZE, .use_apll false }; i2s_driver_install(I2S_RX, cfg, 0, NULL); i2s_pin_config_t pins { .bck_io_num MIC_BCLK, .ws_io_num MIC_WS, .data_out_num I2S_PIN_NO_CHANGE, .data_in_num MIC_DOUT }; i2s_set_pin(I2S_RX, pins); return true; } bool initAmplifier() { i2s_config_t cfg { .mode (i2s_mode_t)(I2S_MODE_MASTER | I2S_MODE_TX), .sample_rate SAMPLE_RATE, .bits_per_sample I2S_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_16BIT, .channel_format I2S_CHANNEL_FMT_RIGHT_LEFT, .communication_format I2S_COMM_FORMAT_STAND_I2S, .intr_alloc_flags ESP_INTR_FLAG_LEVEL1, .dma_buf_count 4, .dma_buf_len BUFFER_SIZE, .use_apll true, .tx_desc_auto_clear true }; i2s_driver_install(I2S_TX, cfg, 0, NULL); i2s_pin_config_t pins { .bck_io_num AMP_BCLK, .ws_io_num AMP_LRC, .data_out_num AMP_DIN, .data_in_num I2S_PIN_NO_CHANGE }; i2s_set_pin(I2S_TX, pins); i2s_zero_dma_buffer(I2S_TX); return true; } // 带降噪的回环处理 void loopbackAudioFiltered() { int16_t rxBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; size_t bytesRead 0; if (i2s_read(I2S_RX, rxBuffer, sizeof(rxBuffer), bytesRead, 0) ! ESP_OK) return; if (bytesRead 0) return; int samples bytesRead / 2; int16_t txBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE * 2]; for (int i 0; i samples; i) { int16_t raw rxBuffer[i]; // 1. 高通滤波滤除直流偏置和50/60Hz工频干扰 float filtered raw - prevSample * (1.0f - HIGH_PASS_ALPHA); prevSample raw; // 2. 噪声门小信号静音消除底噪 int32_t sample (int32_t)filtered; if (abs(sample) noiseGate) { sample 0; // 静音 } // 3. 自动增益可选 // sample sample * AGC_MAX_GAIN / 2; // 4. 硬限幅 if (sample 32767) sample 32767; if (sample -32768) sample -32768; // 双声道输出 txBuffer[i * 2] (int16_t)sample; txBuffer[i * 2 1] (int16_t)sample; } size_t written 0; i2s_write(I2S_TX, txBuffer, samples * 4, written, portMAX_DELAY); }5运行结果代码上传完毕后在串口监视器里输入 s 表示开始 回环喇叭离mic远一点要不然有干扰开始后就可以对着mic说话喇叭这边就能听到有声音输出声音相对模糊